What does the term 'sundowning' refer to in the context of patient behavior?

The term 'sundowning' refers to a phenomenon commonly observed in individuals with dementia or other cognitive impairments, where patients exhibit increased confusion, agitation, or restlessness during the late afternoon and evening hours as the sun sets. This heightened agitation can manifest as anxiety, irritability, or changes in behavior, making it harder for caregivers to manage the patient's needs effectively during these times.

This condition is particularly relevant in the context of patient care because understanding and recognizing the signs of sundowning can help caregivers prepare for and mitigate these challenging behaviors, ensuring better patient management and safety. Awareness of sundowning may guide caregivers to create a calming environment or implement strategies to help patients cope during these times of increased agitation.